Does the speed of this card support 10Gb?

Yes, it's 10Gbps speed on both Type-E interface. But the actual operating speed also depends on the external devices connected, please note that.

Questions & Answers: Dual Port 10Gbps Type-E USB 3.1 Front Panel Socket to NVME M-Key M.2 Express Card Adapter for Motherboard, RIITOP Type-E to NVMe Adapter 10Gbps

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Dual Port 10Gbps Type-E USB 3.1 Front Panel Socket to NVME M-Key M.2 Express Card Adapter for Motherboard, RIITOP Type-E to NVMe Adapter 10Gbps

Input Connector: M.2 NVME M-Key.
Output Connector: Dual USB 3.1 20pin Type-E Front Panel Header,10Gbps transfer speed.
The adapter convert the available NVME M-Key of motherboard into Dual USB 3.1 Type-E header.Thus the USB 3.1 port of a housing can also be supplied with USB 3.1 without a suitable mainboard.
The compact adapter can be inserted directly and requires no additional attachments.Converter plug-in for the mainboard,which have a free NVMe slot.
Converter plug-in for the mainboard,Fits into any USB 3.1 header,Bundling in USB 3.1 with up to 10Bit/s
The adapter is the perfect solution to use the USB 3.1 connectors with Type-C.The converter thus provides a full-fledged USB 3.1 port.The adapter not support video, audio and PD power.