What connector type and construction does this fiber jumper use?

It has a 24-fiber MTP/MPO Type-B connector with an MTP/APC female connector detail, and it is built with OFNP plenum construction.

What type of fiber cable is this StarTech cable, and what is its length?

It is a 1m (3.3ft) MTP/MPO Type-B OS2 single mode fiber optic cable.

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StarTech 1m (3.3ft) MTP/MPO Fiber Optic Cable - 24F Type-B - OS2 Single Mode MTP/APC Female Fiber Jumper - 9/125, OFNP Plenum - OS2MTP24BOFNP1M